Integrative Molecular Mechanisms in Disease: From Infection to Neurodegeneration

Abstract

This study provides an integrative overview of molecular insights spanning antimicrobial resistance, chemotherapy response in cancer, neurogenesis, and oxidative regulation in aging and Neurodegeneration. By analyzing genomic, proteomic, and epigenetic alterations, the research elucidates how pathogens develop resistance, how tumors evade chemotherapy, and how neuroinflammatory and oxidative processes impair brain health. The study further explores shared molecular pathways—including inflammation, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence—that transcend disease boundaries, linking infection, malignancy, and neurodegenerative decline. The findings underscore the necessity of cross-disciplinary frameworks and emerging technologies such as single-cell omics and AI-based modeling to address current knowledge gaps and build a unified molecular paradigm for human disease mechanisms.