The Regulation of Artificial Intelligence: Global Perspectives and Policy Approaches

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has rapidly transitioned from an emerging technology to a foundational element of modern economies, governance structures, and societal systems. Its potential to revolutionize industries such as healthcare, finance, transportation, and education is immense, but it also brings complex challenges in terms of ethics, accountability, and governance. The global regulatory landscape for AI remains highly fragmented, with countries adopting varied approaches depending on their cultural values, political systems, and economic priorities. While some jurisdictions prioritize stringent compliance and human rights safeguards, others emphasize innovation and market competitiveness. This paper explores the regulation of AI from a global perspective, analyzing key policy frameworks, governance models, and the tensions between innovation and control. It provides a comparative analysis of regulatory approaches in different regions, evaluates the role of international cooperation, and highlights the critical challenges that lie ahead in creating a balanced and inclusive global governance system for AI.